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	<title>benin republic &#8211; Dr. Hounkpe Julien Coomlan</title>
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	<title>benin republic &#8211; Dr. Hounkpe Julien Coomlan</title>
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	<item>
		<title>SOUTENANCE DE MÉMOIRE EN DROIT DU NUMÉRIQUE [N° 38]</title>
		<link>https://julienhounkpe.info/2025/04/06/soutenance-de-memoire-en-droit-du-numerique-n-38/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Apr 2025 10:32:37 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[TECHNOLOGY LAW]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[benin republic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[code du numérique]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[droit numerique]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[médias sociaux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[présomption innocence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[soutenance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[technology law]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://julienhounkpe.info/?p=3038</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Le vendredi 04 avril 2025 à la Chaire UNESCO des Droits de la Personne Humaine et de la Démocratie (Université d’Abomey-Calavi), Romel Esteve Gandji a soutenu un mémoire de Master Recherche en Droits de la Personne et Démocratie, sur le sujet intitulé : « La présomption d’innocence à l’épreuve des médias sociaux » 1- Sur [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone wp-image-3039 lws-optimize-lazyload"  alt="" width="665" height="444" / data-src="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/SOUTENANCE-300x200.jpg" srcset="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/SOUTENANCE-300x200.jpg 300w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/SOUTENANCE-495x330.jpg 495w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/SOUTENANCE-270x180.jpg 270w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/SOUTENANCE.jpg 593w" sizes="(max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px" /></p>
<p>Le vendredi 04 avril 2025 à la Chaire UNESCO des Droits de la Personne Humaine et de la Démocratie (Université d’Abomey-Calavi), Romel Esteve Gandji a soutenu un mémoire de Master Recherche en Droits de la Personne et Démocratie, sur le sujet intitulé : <strong><em>« La présomption d’innocence à l’épreuve des médias sociaux » </em></strong></p>
<p><strong>1- <u>Sur la forme</u>    </strong></p>
<p>Le mémoire résulte d’un travail de 89 pages en texte principal.</p>
<p>&#8211; Plan (équilibre, cohérence) : le plan de rédaction est cohérent et le travail est équilibré (première partie 37 pages, deuxième partie 37 pages).</p>
<p>&#8211; forme physique du texte : le document est aéré et relativement bien présenté.</p>
<p>&#8211; Rédaction (fautes, incorrections): un style de rédaction clair, des chapeaux et des phrases de transitions. Il faut relever des maladresses d’expression écrite : p. 4 « avant, pendant et même », p. 10 « est coupable incitant le public », p. 29 « L’une est une institution» p. 30 « se révèlent non adapter », p. 76 « contexte de la suspension est nécessaire», p. 87 « s’en est ensuivi »</p>
<p>&#8211; Notes de bas de page (densité et qualité) : leur nombre atteste du caractère fouillé de la recherche (265) pour un ratio de 3 notes par page. Respectez les standards (n° 1, n°16). Éviter les scories (n° 1). Revoir les incorrections (n° 62). Citations sans source, pages 49 et 86</p>
<p>&#8211; Bibliographie (densité et actualité) : le travail s’appuie sur une bibliographie riche et variée. Respectez les standards. Toutes les références citées sous « Textes de lois » ne sont pas pertinentes, p. 96. Citez la jurisprudence africaine.</p>
<p><strong>2- <u>Sur le fonds </u> </strong></p>
<p>Originalité et pertinence : il s’agit d’un sujet actuel et pertinent en raison de son intérêt scientifique et social.</p>
<p>&#8211; <strong>Dans l’introduction</strong>, l’auteur offre de discuter de la violation de la présomption d’innocence par les réseaux sociaux. Son objectif est de ressortir les transgressions que les plateformes causent au respect de ce principe et de promouvoir sa préservation au moyen du droit.</p>
<p>Le sujet de recherche est bien présenté (annonce du sujet, définition des concepts clés, délimitation). De même, la problématique parait exhaustive, et l’intérêt de la réflexion est dégagé. La justification du plan a permis d’enrichir l’orientation du sujet. L’état de la question est plus ou moins présenté mais la méthodologie suivie n’est pas précisée.</p>
<p>L’introduction est incomplète et perfectible :</p>
<p>* p. 3, retenir une typologie juridique des médias sociaux</p>
<p>* préciser l’état de la question (en droit positif, en droit étranger, en doctrine, en jurisprudence, et dans la loi). <em>Quid</em> des travaux antérieurs sur le sujet ?</p>
<p>&#8211; <strong>Dans une première partie</strong> intitulée : « Un principe menacé », l’auteur expose les sources de la menace d’une part, et les suites de la menace d’autre part. Cette partie vise à démontrer que la présomption d’innocence est mise à mal par les réseaux sociaux, mais elle paraît descriptive par endroits.</p>
<p>* un effort de recherche étoffé avec la législation, la doctrine et la jurisprudence</p>
<p>* analyse bien structurée dans l’ensemble.</p>
<p>* bonne identification des enjeux juridiques.</p>
<p>Chapitre 1</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 11 introduction trop courte</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 11 le paragraphe 1 est incompréhensible</p>
<p>Chapitre 2</p>
<p>RAS</p>
<p>&#8211; <strong>Dans une seconde partie</strong> intitulée « Une menace surmontable », l’auteur propose des réformes pour encadrer l’usage des réseaux sociaux afin de pallier les atteintes de la présomption d’innocence. En dépit de la pertinence des solutions préconisées, cette partie n’intègre pas suffisamment les spécificités du contexte béninois.</p>
<p>* Apports personnels et pertinence relative des solutions</p>
<p>* Cadre juridique : ajouter une comparaison avec d’autres pays africains.</p>
<p>* Responsabilité des plateformes : approfondir l’analyse de la législation béninoise et régionale.</p>
<p class="" data-start="1229" data-end="1412">* Preuve numérique et procédures judiciaires : renforcer l’analyse du traitement des preuves électroniques par les juges béninois et intégrer des technologies comme la blockchain.</p>
<p class="" data-start="1415" data-end="1572">* Coopération judiciaire internationale : mieux analyser comment le Bénin pourrait collaborer avec les géants du web pour obtenir des preuves numérique</p>
<p>Chapitre 1</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 49 Les acteurs numériques primaires ? cette typologie n’est pas conforme aux art. 495 et svts du Code du numérique</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 53 différence entre opérateur de communication électronique et fournisseur technique ?</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 60 reconversion des réseaux sociaux en statut éditeur : n’est-ce pas encore la responsabilisation des acteurs du numérique déjà évoquée en section 1 ?</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 63 les sanctions adaptées : comment les appliquer ? Cas de l’article 550 du Code du numérique</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 63 pourquoi une loi sur la déontologie journalistique ?</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 63 et 64 affirmations gratuites</p>
<p>Chapitre 2 :</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 68 extra systémiques ? Justifier</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 68 médias sociaux ou acteurs numériques secondaires ?</p>
<p>&#8211; p. 79 citer les actions menées par le Centre National d’Investigation Numérique CNIN ?</p>
<p>Dans la <strong>Conclusion</strong>, l’auteur soutient un juste équilibre entre la protection de la présomption d’innocence et la préservation de la liberté d’expression.</p>
<p><strong>3- <u>Avis</u>                                                                                 </strong></p>
<p>Dans l’ensemble, en dépit des observations critiques ci-dessus, le mémoire de Monsieur Romel Esteve GANDJI est satisfaisant tant sur la forme que sur le fond.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Insights on AI Policy Development in Benin Republic</title>
		<link>https://julienhounkpe.info/2024/09/29/insights-on-ia-policy-development-in-benin-republic/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 29 Sep 2024 12:03:45 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Article]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ai national strategy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ai policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[artificial intelligence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[benin republic]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://julienhounkpe.info/?p=2712</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The Benin Government adopted a National Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Strategy in January 2023. As the first AI national strategy in a West Africa francophone country, this article overviews several key components of this policy. The policy is intended to guide government actions until 2027. &#160; A bold and ambitious strategy A key tool [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>The Benin Government adopted a <a href="https://numerique.gouv.bj/assets/documents/national-artificial-intelligence-and-big-data-strategy-1682673348.pdf">National Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Strategy</a> in January 2023. As the first AI national strategy in a West Africa francophone country, this article overviews several key components of this policy. The policy is intended to guide government actions until 2027.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>A bold and ambitious strategy</strong></p>
<p>A key tool of defining the foundations for structuring the AI ecosystem in Benin, the National Strategy will enable technological solutions adapted to Benin’s contemporary and future concerns in the fields of education, health, agriculture, environment, and tourism. This is why the government insisted that all the stages of implementation be respected, from the prerequisites to its implementation, including the drafting of the document, its validation and its adoption in the Council of Ministers. Two important phases marked the national strategy’s development: the preliminary stage and the development of the document.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Preliminaries</strong></p>
<p>In the preliminary stage, the government passed a Digital Code Law and constructed 2,500 kilometers of optical fiber to strengthen public confidence. To densify the AI ecosystem, a national data center and a national administration network were also built. The latter has 187 sites. The information and data systems interoperability platform and the implementation of intelligent administration are all favorable assets for the advent of AI in Benin.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>A consensual document for AI</strong></p>
<p>The Ministry of Digital and Digitalization requested the expertise of the Antah firm, which worked with a multi-sectoral steering committee on the inventory of the AI sector in Benin. The subsequent document takes account of vital areas, namely: research, development and innovation, applications, marketing and intersectoral distribution, support and supervision of deployment. Coming from government sector departments as well as the private sector and associative or academic organizations, the participants were divided into six groups. These were services, data and infrastructures, ecosystem, institutional, legal and regulatory framework, awareness of AI and development of human capital. The ambition of the latter is to have a national strategy to manage and highlight the massive data resulting from the execution of several projects in the digital sector. The strategy is made up of four programs that can be broken down into three phases for five years, with a portfolio containing one hundred and twenty-three actions impacting the public and private sectors.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Programmatic Framework  </strong></p>
<p>This national strategy sets out the implementation principles, axes and objectives that will enable the successful integration of AI in public administration, the private sector and society in general. It thus declines four implementation programs and ten objectives, grouped under four strategic axes, which will guide the implementation of artificial intelligence as a whole :</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Programs</td>
<td>Global objectives</td>
<td>Specific objectives</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Program 1: Development and implementation of high-impact AI solutions</td>
<td>Implement use cases and high impact initiatives and scale, associated prototypes</td>
<td>&#8211; Set up in the datacenter the following components:  Data Lake As A service, ML As A Service, etc ;</p>
<p>&#8211; Implement AI solutions (Qualification and planning, development of specifications, selection of service providers, implementation, change management and deployment)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Program 2: Strengthening the human capacities of actors in AI professions and jobs</td>
<td>Build human capacity on AI and big data management</td>
<td>&#8211; Build human capacity on AI and big data management.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Program 3: Support for training, research, innovation, the private sector and cooperation</td>
<td>Provide better support to research, innovation, the private sector and cooperation in the field of AI</td>
<td>&#8211; Support training and research;</p>
<p>&#8211; Develop sustainable funding mechanisms for research and innovation;</p>
<p>&#8211; Strengthen sub-regional and international cooperation.</p>
<p>&#8211; Create “local champions” in AI</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Program 4: Implementation of the AI ​​governance framework and big data management</td>
<td>Update the legal and regulatory framework for AI and big data management</td>
<td>&#8211; Adopt a text governing AI in Benin;</p>
<p>&#8211; Establish a controlled environment for the development of AI initiatives;</p>
<p>&#8211; Define and deploy a management model (process, organization, governance and tools) for big data.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Financing mechanism </strong></p>
<p>Over the period 2023-2027, the financing of the strategy is estimated at approximately 4.68 billion FCFA (USD$7,8 millions). The financing mechanism and the mobilization of financial resources are fundamental and condition the successful implementation of the Artificial Intelligence strategy. As the investments required are considerable, the financing strategy is based on the mobilization of resources, both internal and external.  The main objective is to provide adequate and sustainable financial mechanisms and resources to initiate the Artificial Intelligence revolution in Benin.</p>
<p>The establishment of adequate consultative structures and the development of strategies will encourage massive financial support from development partners. External resources are decisive for financing the implementation of the national strategy, but the mobilization of internal financial resources remains necessary.  The following measures will greatly contribute to adequate management of the financing issue:</p>
<ul>
<li>Call for national funding from both the state and the private sector;</li>
<li>Appeal for bilateral and multilateral external aid;</li>
<li>Call for foreign private capital within the framework of a Public-Private Partnership;</li>
<li>Mobilization of national savings.</li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Implementation mechanism </strong></p>
<p>The cross-cutting nature of this strategy will require an implementation mechanism at two levels :</p>
<ul>
<li>A transversal level that will allow the management and coordination of the overall implementation of the strategy.  This level will be supported by the Ministry of Digital and Digitalization. This coordination body will work by involving the conference of Chief Information Officers and all the stakeholders (universities, startups, AI partners, etc.) in the ecosystem.</li>
<li>A sectoral level that will allow the management of the implementation of the AI ​​projects of the ministries concerned (which lead their projects).</li>
</ul>
<p>In addition to these two levels, a public investment management framework is put in place.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Evaluation mechanism </strong></p>
<p>To assess the performance obtained in the implementation of this strategy and in accordance with the principle of accountability and the “iterative and incremental” principle, an annual evaluation is prescribed.</p>
<p>This provision makes it possible to measure and evaluate the level of achievement of the objectives to:</p>
<ul>
<li>Support the management of the strategy by providing timely information on the progress made through strategic initiatives (programmes, projects and actions implemented) and take the necessary corrective actions in the event of a breach;</li>
<li>Confirm and adjust the scopes of the work packages to be undertaken in the next phase;</li>
<li>Carry out periodic evaluations to check if the strategy is working effectively and to promote knowledge sharing and learning among the parties involved;</li>
<li>Promote accountability and the obligation to render accounts to the actors involved.</li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Focus on implementation</strong></p>
<p>The course is now set on the dissemination and implementation of the national strategy. With a projected cost of 4.68 billion FCFA (USD$7.8 millions) over five years, the implementation of this strategy offers the opportunity to exploit AI in the target areas of development to position Benin as a major player in AI in West Africa. The main actions of the strategy will be rapidly implemented in a public-private partnership, at the national level by targeting areas of development. Meanwhile, the hatching of an AI ecosystem is a long-term one and this strategy has put in place the foundations to allow this hatching.</p>
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		<title>Droit de l’Intelligence Artificielle au Bénin</title>
		<link>https://julienhounkpe.info/2023/12/26/droit-de-lintelligence-artificielle-au-benin/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2023 08:58:51 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[TECHNOLOGY LAW]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[artificial intelligence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[benin republic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cadre juridique IA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[droit IA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intelligence artificielle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Responsible AI]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://julienhounkpe.info/?p=1806</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Si aucun texte spécifique ne s’applique à l’Intelligence Artificielle (IA) en tant que telle, pour autant le droit positif beninois n’est pas dénué de ressources pour encadrer celle-ci. En effet, non seulement le droit commun a vocation à s’appliquer à l’IA, mais en outre, le législateur a adopté certaines dispositions spécifiques qui, même si elles [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone wp-image-1807 lws-optimize-lazyload"  alt="" width="624" height="389" / data-src="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/artificialintelligencerf-300x187.jpeg" srcset="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/artificialintelligencerf-300x187.jpeg 300w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/artificialintelligencerf-768x480.jpeg 768w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/artificialintelligencerf-528x330.jpeg 528w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/artificialintelligencerf-270x169.jpeg 270w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/artificialintelligencerf.jpeg 810w" sizes="(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px" /></p>
<p>Si aucun texte spécifique ne s’applique à l’Intelligence Artificielle (IA) en tant que telle, pour autant le droit positif beninois n’est pas dénué de ressources pour encadrer celle-ci.</p>
<p>En effet, non seulement le droit commun a vocation à s’appliquer à l’IA, mais en outre, le législateur a adopté certaines dispositions spécifiques qui, même si elles ne visent pas nommément « l’intelligence artificielle », s’appliquent en réalité bien à elle. Aussi, l’exercice consistera pour tout praticien confronté à une problématique soulevée par une IA, à identifier dans la (les) branche(s) du droit sollicité (s), les éventuelles dispositions spécifiques qui, en dehors du droit commun, trouveront à s’appliquer à l’IA.</p>
<p>Dans ma tribune, j’ai recensé les textes issus de ces différentes branches du droit, non exhaustifs et amenés à être en constante évolution. Ils sont présentés par branche du droit, que le praticien devra naturellement approfondir en se reportant ensuite utilement à la branche considérée, qu’il examinera entièrement pour y déceler toutes les règles susceptibles de s’appliquer à son cas.</p>
<p>Découvrez ma tribune sur le site du magazine <a href="https://cio-mag.com/droit-de-lintelligence-artificielle-au-benin/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CIO MAG</a></p>
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		<title>GLOBAL COMPREHENSIVE PRIVACY LAW MAPPING CHART</title>
		<link>https://julienhounkpe.info/2023/12/26/global-comprehensive-privacy-law-mapping-chart/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2023 08:53:18 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[TECHNOLOGY LAW]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[benin republic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[data protection laws]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[données personnelles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[droit numerique]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[privacy law]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://julienhounkpe.info/?p=1802</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[✅ IAPP (International Association of Privacy Professionals) a publié une mise à jour de la cartographie mondiale des lois sur la protection des données personnelles. Retrouvez ma contribution sur le #Bénin ici ⤵️ http://ow.ly/ntZQ50G6Dwc]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone wp-image-1803 lws-optimize-lazyload"  alt="" width="285" height="718" / data-src="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/fb_img_1663094531901-119x300.jpg" srcset="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/fb_img_1663094531901-119x300.jpg 119w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/fb_img_1663094531901-131x330.jpg 131w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/fb_img_1663094531901-72x180.jpg 72w" sizes="(max-width: 285px) 100vw, 285px" /></p>
<p><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/2705.png" alt="✅" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> IAPP (International Association of Privacy Professionals) a publié une mise à jour de la cartographie mondiale des lois sur la protection des données personnelles.</p>
<p>Retrouvez ma contribution sur le #Bénin ici <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/2935.png" alt="⤵" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> <a href="http://ow.ly/ntZQ50G6Dwc" rel="nofollow">http://ow.ly/ntZQ50G6Dwc</a></p>
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		<title>SURVEILLANCE LEGISLATION AND DATA PROTECTION IN BENIN REPUBLIC</title>
		<link>https://julienhounkpe.info/2023/12/26/surveillance-legislation-and-data-protection-in-benin-republic/</link>
					<comments>https://julienhounkpe.info/2023/12/26/surveillance-legislation-and-data-protection-in-benin-republic/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2023 08:21:30 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[TECHNOLOGY LAW]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[benin republic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[data protection]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[surveillance legislation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[technology law]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://julienhounkpe.info/?p=1785</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[✔️ Guarantee A : Is processing based on clear, precise and accessible rules (legal basis) ? ✔️ Guarantee B : Are necessity and proportionality with regard to the legitimate objectives pursued sufficiently demonstrated ? ✔️ Guarantee C : Is processing subject to an independent oversight mechanism ? ✔️ Guarantee D : Are effective remedies available [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone wp-image-1786 lws-optimize-lazyload"  alt="" width="613" height="321" / data-src="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/data-protection-300x157.jpg" srcset="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/data-protection-300x157.jpg 300w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/data-protection-768x402.jpg 768w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/data-protection-570x298.jpg 570w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/data-protection-270x141.jpg 270w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/data-protection.jpg 850w" sizes="(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px" /></p>
<p><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/2714.png" alt="✔" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> Guarantee A : Is processing based on clear, precise and accessible rules (legal basis) ?</p>
<p><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/2714.png" alt="✔" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> Guarantee B : Are necessity and proportionality with regard to the legitimate objectives pursued sufficiently demonstrated ?</p>
<p><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/2714.png" alt="✔" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> Guarantee C : Is processing subject to an independent oversight mechanism ?</p>
<p><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/2714.png" alt="✔" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> Guarantee D : Are effective remedies available to the individual ?</p>
<p><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/27a1.png" alt="➡" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> Check it out : <a href="http://dlvr.it/RftWmD" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://dlvr.it/RftWmD</a></p>
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		<title>Overview of the Digital Code Act in Benin Republic</title>
		<link>https://julienhounkpe.info/2023/12/25/overview-of-the-digital-code-act-in-benin-republic/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2023 09:02:44 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[TECHNOLOGY LAW]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[benin republic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[digital code]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[digital law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[it law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[technology law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[west africa]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://julienhounkpe.info/?p=1623</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Benin Republic is one of the first African States to pass a Digital Code that contains all the legal provisions applicable to digital activities. Here the author provides background information on the new Act, explains what the Digital Code will mean in practice and highlights key issues. Background on the Digital Code The rapid development [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><img class="alignnone wp-image-1624 lws-optimize-lazyload"  alt="" width="673" height="673" / data-src="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/visuel-dn-300x300.jpg" srcset="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/visuel-dn-300x300.jpg 300w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/visuel-dn-150x150.jpg 150w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/visuel-dn-330x330.jpg 330w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/visuel-dn-180x180.jpg 180w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/visuel-dn.jpg 526w" sizes="(max-width: 673px) 100vw, 673px" /></strong></p>
<p><strong>Benin Republic is one of the first African States to pass a Digital Code that contains all the legal provisions applicable to digital activities. Here the author provides background information on the new Act, explains what the Digital Code will mean in practice and highlights key issues.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Background on the Digital Code</strong></p>
<p>The rapid development of information and communication technology, the access to Internet and the creation of mobile applications via smartphones have led to the emergence of digital economy on which Benin Republic would like to rely to boost its development. As a sound investment sector, the digital economy is now recognized as a vehicle for growth, productivity and competitiveness of companies and countries. Globalization and new ways of sharing information that are increasingly sophisticated require new rules of transparency.</p>
<p>Moreover, some Regional Organizations have published standards for the digital sector. On 27 June 2014, the African Union adopted a convention on cyber security and protection of personal data, which provides security rules to be followed for a trusted digital ecosystem in the Member States. Also, technology legislation emanating from Community bodies (Economic Organization of West African States, West African Economic and Monetary Union, and Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa) is directly enacted in the domestic law of the Member States.</p>
<p>In this background, the Bill No. 2017-20 has been passed into <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mCxYtzeIen6vi7Sr3e6YM71Cw8Gczk69/view" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Digital Code Act of Benin Republic</a> on Tuesday, June 13, 2017 by the National Assembly, and subsequently brought into conformity with the Constitution on Friday, January 05 2018, following the Constitutional Court decision No DCC 17-223 of 02 November 2017. The Act of Parliament received the assent of the Head of State on the 23<sup>rd</sup> April, 2018.</p>
<p><strong>Description of the Digital Code</strong></p>
<p>Benin Digital Act consists of the codification of existing pieces of legislation as amended for necessary updating on the one hand, and the adoption of additional legislation in new matters on the other hand.</p>
<p>The Digital Code is 247 pages, and has 647 articles distributed into seven (07) Parts :</p>
<p>– Preliminary Part entitled “<em>Definitions and purpose</em>” defines some key concepts and other terms used in the Code (articles 1 to 02).</p>
<p>– Part I entitled “<em>Electronic communications and network services</em>”, deals with electronic communications activities and the legal status of telecom operators (Articles 03 to 265);</p>
<p>– Part II entitled “<em>Electronic Tools and Writings</em>”, deals with the legal value of digital tools such as e-writings, e-signatures, e-time-stamping and e-archiving, as well as the authentication of Internet sites (articles 266 to 304);</p>
<p>– Part III entitled “<em>Trust Service Providers</em>”: this Part sets out the legal status, the obligations and sanctions of trust service providers (Articles 305 to 325);</p>
<p>– Part IV entitled “<em>Electronic Commerce</em>”: this Part applies to any order, contract or transaction concluded online for the supply of goods or services, as well as electronic commercial activities (articles 326 at 378);</p>
<p>– Part V entitled “<em>Protection of personal data</em>”: this Part aims at setting up a legal framework for the protection of privacy following the collection, processing, transmission, storage and use of personal data (Articles 379 to 490);</p>
<p>– Part VI entitled “<em>Cyber criminality and cyber security</em>”: the provisions of this Part set out the rules and proceedings for the fight against cyber criminality. They also set out the institutional framework, rules and procedures for the use of cryptology (Articles 491 to 639);</p>
<p>– Part VII entitled “<em>Transitional and Final Provisions</em>”: (Articles 640 to 647).</p>
<p><strong> Changes under the Digital Code</strong></p>
<p>The Digital Code results from the fact that existing legislation has long been outdated and unsuitable not only to the requirements of development but also unsatisfactory for the dynamics of trade and technology. In this respect, lawmakers have improved the legal environment and strengthened the institutional framework of digital activities.</p>
<p>The noteworthy changes are :</p>
<ul>
<li>The Digital Code revamps the legal regimes in the telecommunications sector, improves the functioning of the Electronic Communications Regulatory Authority, and clarifies issues relating to the regulation of competition among operators.</li>
<li>The Digital Code establishes the use of electronic tools and the regime applicable to trust service providers, establishes an attractive legal framework to improve the Internet of Things (IoT), and clarifies the responsibility of the actors of Internet.</li>
<li>The Digital Code secures the conclusion of online contracts, anticipates future uses of personal data, adapts criminal law to cyber criminality, and creates a National Agency for Security and Information Systems as well as a Central Office for the fight against cyber criminality.         <strong> </strong></li>
</ul>
<p>Benin Digital Code is intended to provide the legal security required for public and private partners, local start-ups as well as international investors. This is likely to accelerate the development of very high speed broadband infrastructures throughout the country, deploy online services for the benefit of consumers and lead to digital economy, a vector of inclusive growth. We expect that the new legislation would allow the country to achieve its ambition to become the “digital leader of the African continent”.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.amazon.fr/Code-num%C3%A9rique-R%C3%A9publique-B%C3%A9nin-introduit/dp/3838144147?fbclid=IwAR2UOurewy7IBFXZujPdbYcUCbEWr9vkruC_bsoO--hNjUdDCPhxRf-VIsc" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Code du numérique en République du Bénin. Texte intégral introduit et présenté</a>.</p>
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		<title>Legal framework for the protection of personnal data in Republic of Benin</title>
		<link>https://julienhounkpe.info/2023/12/24/legal-framework-for-the-protection-of-personnal-data-in-republic-of-benin/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 24 Dec 2023 20:57:45 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[TECHNOLOGY LAW]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[benin republic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[données personnelles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[privacy]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://julienhounkpe.info/?p=1611</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[L’Assemblée Nationale a adopté en sa séance du 27 avril 2009 la loi n° 2009-09 portant protection des données à caractère personnel en République du Bénin. Suite à la Décision de conformité à la Constitution DCC 09-064 du 19 mai 2009 de la Cour Constitutionnelle, le Président de la République a promulgué la nouvelle loi [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone  wp-image-1612 lws-optimize-lazyload"  alt="" width="643" height="832" / data-src="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/donneespersonnelles-2-232x300.jpg" srcset="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/donneespersonnelles-2-232x300.jpg 232w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/donneespersonnelles-2-255x330.jpg 255w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/donneespersonnelles-2-139x180.jpg 139w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/donneespersonnelles-2.jpg 425w" sizes="(max-width: 643px) 100vw, 643px" /></p>
<p>L’Assemblée Nationale a adopté en sa séance du 27 avril 2009 la loi n° 2009-09 portant protection des données à caractère personnel en République du Bénin. Suite à la Décision de conformité à la Constitution DCC 09-064 du 19 mai 2009 de la Cour Constitutionnelle, le Président de la République a promulgué la nouvelle loi le 22 mai 2009.</p>
<p>L’objectif principal de cette législation est de définir les conditions de traitement des données à caractère personnel protégeant :</p>
<p>– l’individu vis-à-vis de l’État en obligeant l’administration à adopter une attitude régulière en matière de traitement des données à caractère personnel ; – le consommateur vis-à-vis des professionnels sans entraver le développement des activités économiques faisant appel aux nouvelles technologies ;</p>
<p>– le salarié contre les agissements de son employeur afin d’éviter toute atteinte aux libertés individuelles notamment à la vie privée.</p>
<p>La loi prévoit également la mise sur pieds d’une commission chargée de la protection des données à caractères personnel et du contrôle des traitements.</p>
<p><a href="https://works.bepress.com/julien-coomlan-hounkpe/18/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Lire la publication</a></p>
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		<title>The defense rights and the new code of civil procedure in Benin Republic</title>
		<link>https://julienhounkpe.info/2023/12/23/the-defense-rights-and-the-new-code-of-civil-procedure-in-benin-republic/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Dec 2023 20:49:14 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[RULE OF LAW]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[benin republic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[code of civil procedure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[defense rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fundamental rights]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://julienhounkpe.info/?p=1594</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The analysis of the new Code of Civil Procedure in terms of defense rights, highlights the improvements over the old code of civil procedure, with the embodiment of the guiding principles of the proceedings and the renovation of legal remedies. The Benin legislator’s efforts are laudable and will improve the plights of litigants, even if [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone wp-image-1667 lws-optimize-lazyload"  alt="" width="665" height="359" / data-src="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-defenserights-300x162.jpg" srcset="https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-defenserights-300x162.jpg 300w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-defenserights-270x146.jpg 270w, https://julienhounkpe.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-defenserights.jpg 306w" sizes="(max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px" /></p>
<p>The analysis of the new Code of Civil Procedure in terms of defense rights, highlights the improvements over the old code of civil procedure, with the embodiment of the guiding principles of the proceedings and the renovation of legal remedies.</p>
<p>The Benin legislator’s efforts are laudable and will improve the plights of litigants, even if the Benin Code of Civil Procedure could be criticised for reflecting too much the French law. Indeed, the provisions in the French code of civil procedure have been reproduced, sometimes without any changes in view to consolidate the defense rights in our country.</p>
<p><a href="https://works.bepress.com/julien-coomlan-hounkpe/21/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Voir la publication</a></p>
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